General

Storage Manager allows the user to manage all the storage spaces on his Synology NAS. In order to simplify storage management and create flexible storage spaces with data protection, Synology DSM supports multiple types of RAID Groups.

RAID Group

With Synology NAS, you may combine multiple hard disks into a single storage unit called a RAID Group. Synology NAS provides the following types of RAID Groups:

• RAID Group for Single Volume or iSCSI LUN (Block-Level):
  • Allocates all available capacity to a single volume or iSCSI LUN (Block-Level).
  • Provides better performance but less storage management flexibility.
  • Allows creation of multiple iSCSI LUNs (Regular File) on volumes.
  • Supports maximum of one RAID Array.
• RAID Group for Multiple Volumes or iSCSI LUNs (Block-Level):
  • Supports creating multiple volumes or iSCSI LUNs (Block-Level) on a RAID Group.
  • Provides better storage management flexibility.
  • Allows creation of multiple iSCSI LUNs (Regular File) on volumes.
  • Supports combining multiple RAID Arrays under a RAID Group (when configured as RAID 5 or RAID 6).

RAID Type

When creating a RAID Group, first choose a RAID type. Different RAID types provide different levels of data protection, storage features, and performance. Synology NAS currently supports the following RAID types:

• Basic: Uses one hard disk to create a RAID Group. Basic RAID Groups do not offer data redundancy.
• JBOD*: Combines at least two hard disks to create a RAID Group. JBOD RAID Groups do not offer data redundancy. The available capacity of a JBOD RAID Group equals the total capacity of all disks included in the group. JBOD supports combining hard disks of varying sizes.
• RAID 0*: Combines at least two hard disks to create a RAID Group. RAID 0 does not offer data redundancy. If a single member disks fails, the data in the RAID Group will be lost. The available capacity of a RAID 0 Group equals the total capacity of all the member disks. RAID 0 supports combining hard disks of differing sizes.
• RAID 1*: Combines 2-4 hard disks to create a RAID Group. The system will write identical data to each hard disk. RAID 1 provides data protection as long as one disk is operating normally. The available capacity of a RAID 1 Group equals the size of the smallest member disk.
• RAID 5*: Combines at least three hard disks to create a RAID Group, striping both data and parity information across all member disks. RAID 5 provides data redundancy. If one member disk fails, the system may be rebuilt using parity information on the other member disks. Supports combining multiple RAID Arrays when created on a RAID Group for Multiple Volumes or iSCSI LUNs (Block-Level). The available capacity of a RAID 5 Group = Total capacity of combined RAID Arrays. RAID Array capacity = (number of hard disks - 1) x (Capacity of smallest hard disk)
• RAID 6*: Combines at least four hard disks to create a RAID Group, striping both data and parity information across all member disks. RAID 6 provides data redundancy. Even if two member disks fail, the system may be rebuilt using parity information on other member disks. Supports combining multiple RAID Arrays when created on a RAID Group for Multiple Volumes or iSCSI LUNs (Block-Level). The available capacity of a RAID 6 Group = Total capacity of combined RAID Arrays. RAID Array capacity = (number of hard disks - 2) x (Capacity of smallest hard disk)
• RAID 10*: Combines at least four hard disks to create a RAID Group. The number of disks must be even. RAID 10 provides the performance of RAID 0 in addition to the same data protection level as RAID 1. The available capacity of a RAID 10 Group = (capacity of the smallest hard disk) X (number of hard disks / 2)

Note: RAID types with "*" are only available on NAS models with sufficient hard disk bays.

Volume

Depending on the underlying RAID Group type, there are two types of volumes:

• Volume on RAID Group for Single Volume or iSCSI LUN (Block-Level)
• Allocates all storage capacity on a RAID Group to a single volume. Provides better performance but less management flexibility.
• Allows creation of multiple iSCSI LUNs (Regular File) on volumes.
• Volume on RAID Group for Multiple Volumes or iSCSI LUNs (Block-Level)
• Allocates a designated portion of the storage capacity on a RAID Group to create a volume. Provides better management flexibility, allowing you to expand volume size or create additional volumes as needed.
• Allows creation of multiple iSCSI LUNs (Regular File) on volumes.